Insights on the use and consequences of user-generated content in the context of portuguese luxury hotels

Facebook have captured a special interest from private users and business organizations. In parallel, the concept of user-generated content has appeared as an active marketing tool since Facebook users could spread the word and share opinions on their pages with their "so-called" Facebook friends. This study aims to identify and understand the strategies and purposes of luxury hotel brand followers on Facebook towards user-generated content. 355 user-generated posts from 50 valid hotel’s brand pages have been collected from Facebook and coded manually for each variable. Moreover, posts were treated as a respondent and were coded according several variables such gender, nationality, post type, etc. To get better results, a descriptive analysis was performed. The results showed that pots with images were the most chosen post type to share any type of content and the favorite content types were sharing moments from holidays and writing guest reviews. As to the best day to post content, each gender has its own preferences: for females are the weekends while males favor Wednesdays and Fridays. However, 83,4% of the brand pages did not engage with generated posts and the involvement only occurred with guest reviews and holidays’ moments. The results give insight about the strategies adopted by Facebook users to generate content on their profiles about a specific hotel brand and begin to fill the gap on user-generated content utilization by hotel managers.O Facebook tem captado um interesse especial, tanto dos utilizadores particulares como das organizações. Consequentemente, o conceito de conteúdo criado pelos utilizadores apareceu como uma ferramenta de marketing, uma vez que os utilizadores com perfil de Facebook podem partilhar as suas opiniões nos seus próprios perfis com seus "amigos". Este estudo pretende identificar e compreender, as estratégias e intenções, dos seguidores de páginas de marcas hoteleiras de luxo no Facebook, através do conteúdo gerado pelos utilizadores. Extraímos 355 posts criados por utilizadores de 50 páginas de marcas de hotéis de luxo, tendo sido recolhidos no Facebook, e codificados manualmente para cada variável. Assim, foram tratados como uma resposta e codificados por: género, nacionalidade, tipo de post, etc. Para uma melhor compreensão dos resultados, foi realizado uma análise descritiva. Concluiu-se que os posts com imagens são os mais escolhidos para partilhar qualquer tipo de conteúdo, e que, os conteúdos favoritos mostravam momentos em férias, e mostravam críticas feitas por hóspedes. Relativamente aos melhores dias para fazer publicações, cada género tem as suas preferências: as mulheres preferem os fins-de semanas enquanto que os homens as quartas e sextas-feiras. Contudo, 83,4% das páginas analisadas não mostraram qualquer interacção com os utilizadores, e tal só aconteceu em críticas de hóspedes e férias. Os resultados dão uma visão sobre as estratégias adoptadas pelos utilizadores de Facebook para criar conteúdo nos seus perfis sobre uma marca de hotel específica, e começar a preencher a lacuna na utilização desta ferramenta pelos gestores das páginas de marcas hoteleiras

Chronic arthritis leads to disturbances in the bone collagen network

Peer reviewe

Spectrum of molecular alterations detected in the CYP21A2 gene associated with 21-hydroxylase deficiency

A maioria dos doentes com hiperplasia suprarrenal congénita (HSC) apresenta alterações moleculares no gene CYP21A2, o qual codifica a enzima 21-hidroxilase (21-OH). Os doentes com a forma clássica de deficiência em 21-OH (21-OHD) apresentam a síntese de cortisol diminuída no córtex adrenal e, os casos mais graves, também apresentam deficiência de aldosterona. As mulheres com 21-OHD grave apresentam excesso de andrógenos desde a sua vida fetal conduzindo à virilização dos órgãos genitais externos. Tanto homens como mulheres com 21-OHD completa não sintetizam a aldosterona e, consequentemente, logo após o nascimento, podem desenvolver crises de perda de sal se não forem corretamente diagnosticados e tratados. A 21- OHD não clássica é devida à deficiência parcial em 21-OH, os fenótipos clínicos são menos graves, as mulheres não apresentam virilização dos genitais externos ao nascimento, e geralmente os sinais relativos a excesso de androgénios podem surgir durante a infância ou até mais tarde (durante ou após a puberdade). Neste trabalho descrevem-se as alterações e os genótipos mais frequentes encontrados em doentes portugueses não adultos com 21-OHD. As alterações mais frequentes encontradas na forma clássica da HSC são c.293-13C> G, diferentes deleções/quimeras/conversões génicas do gene CYP21A2 e c.518T> A, enquanto na 21-OHD não-clássica a variante c.844G> T é a mais frequente. Estes resultados contribuem para um diagnóstico correto e uma melhor gestão clínica dos doentes, para o seu aconselhamento genético e para oferecer o diagnóstico pré-natal a casais com risco de ter filhos afetados com a forma clássica de 21-OHD.Most of the patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) have molecular alterations in the CYP21A2 gene, which encodes the enzyme 21-hydroxylase (21-OH). Patients with the classic form of 21-OH deficiency (21-OHD) have the synthesis of cor tisol impaired in the adrenal cor tex and, the most severe cases also have aldosterone deficiency. Females with severe 21-OHD, star ting their fetal life have excess of androgens leading to external genitalia virilization at bir th. Both males and females with complete 21-OHD are not able to synthesize aldosterone, consequently soon af ter bir th may develop salt wasting crises if not correctly diagnosed and treated. Non-classic 21-OHD is due to par tial deficiency of 21-OH, the clinical phenotypes are less severe, females don’t present ambiguity of the external genitalia at bir th, usually signs of androgen excess may be present during childhood or even later in life (during or af ter puber ty). We present here the most frequent alterations and genotypes found in non adult Por tuguese patients with 21-OHD. The most frequent alterations found in the classic form of CAH are c.293-13C>G, dif ferent CYP21A2 deletions/quimeras/gene conversions and c.518T>A, while in non-classic 21-OHD the variant c.844G>T is the most frequent. These results contribute to a correct patient diagnosis, to a better clinical care, genetic counseling and to of fer pre-natal diagnosis to couples at risk of having af fected babies with the classic form of 21-OHD.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia in paediatric age: molecular analysis of the CYP21A2 gene and implications for genetic counselling

Introduction: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia(CAH) is due to 21-hidroxilase deficiency(21-OHD) in about 95% of the cases. 21-OH is encoded by CYP21A2 gene, and most frequent mutations occurring in CYP21A2 are due to gene conversions originated from its pseudogene(CYP21A1P). The clinical severity of CAH is associated with the impairment of 21-OH activity, which is directly related with the molecular defect. CAH is classified as classic salt-wasting(SW) and simple virilising(SV) forms, and nonclassic(NC) form of the disease. SW and SV are usually diagnosed after birth or during the first years of life, respectively, while most cases of NC-CAH are diagnosed during infancy, puberty or until adult age. Here we present the molecular results performed in paediatric patients with CAH.Project: UID/BIM/0009/2016 from Fundação para a Ciência e a TecnologiaN/

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora